Sunday, November 23, 2008
Sunday, November 9, 2008
History of the Memory of computers
The component that stores data to be accessed in any order is called a random access memory(RAM). it is considered as the main memory or primary storage. It is the working area used for displaying and manipulating data. It is usually in the form of integrated circuits called memory sticks or RAM sticks. The contents of RAM are erased when a computer is shut down. Semiconductor memory is computer memory we are all familiar with, computer memory on a integrated circuit or chip. Referered to as random-access memory or RAM, it allowed data to be accessed randomly, not just in the sequence it was recorded.
Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is the most common kind of random access memory (RAM) for personal computers. The data the DRAM chip holds has to be periodicaly refreshed. Static random access memory or SRAM doesn't need to be refreshed.
Timeline of Computer Memory
1834 Charles Babbage begins build his "Analytical Engine", precursor to the computer. It uses read-only memory in the form of punch cards.
1932Gustav Tauschek invents drum memory in Austria.
1936 Konrad Zuse applies for a patent for his mechanical memory to be used in his computer. This computer memory is based on sliding metal parts.
1939Helmut Schreyer invents a prototype memory using neon lamps.
1942The Atanasoff-Berry Computer has 60 50-bit words of memory in the form of capacitors mounted on two revolving drums. For secondary memory it uses punch cards.
1947Frederick Viehe of Los Angeles, applies for a patent for an invention that uses magnetic core memory. Magnetic drum memory is independently invented by several people.
An Wang invented the magnetic pulse controlling device, the principle upon which magnetic core memory is based.
Kenneth Olsen invented vital computer components, best known for "Magnetic Core Memory" Patent No. 3,161,861 and as being the cofounder of Digital Equipment Corporation.
Jay Forrester Jay Forrester was a pioneer in early digital computer development and invented random-access, coincident-current magnetic storage.
1949Jay Forrester conceives the idea of magnetic core memory as it is to become commonly used, with a grid of wires used to address the cores. The first practical form manifests in 1952-53 and renders obsolete previous types of computer memory.
1950Ferranti Ltd. completes the first commercial computer with 256 40-bit words of main memory and 16K words of drum memory. Only eight were sold.
1951 Jay Forrester files a patent for matrix core memory.
1952The EDVAC computer is completed with 1024 44-bit words of ultrasonic memory. A core memory module is added to the ENIAC computer.
1955 AN WANG was issued U.S. patent #2,708,722 with 34 claims for magnetic memory core.
1966Hewlett-Packard releases their HP2116A real-time computer with 8K of memory. The newly formed Intel starts sell a semiconductor chip with 2,000 bits of memory.
1968 USPTO grants patent 3,387,286 to IBM's Robert Dennard for a one-transistor DRAM cell. DRAM stands for Dynamic RAM (Random Access Memory) or Dynamic Random Access Memory. DRAM will become the standard memory chip for personal computers replacing magnetic core memory.
1969Intel begin as chip designers and produce a 1 KB RAM chip, the largest memory chip todate. Intel soon switch to being notable designers of computer microprocessors.
1970Intel releases the 1103 chips, the first generally available DRAM memory chip.
1971Intel releases the 1101 chip, a 256-bit programmable memory, and the 1701 chip, a 256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM).
1974Intel receives a U.S. patent for a "memory system for a multichip digital computer".
1975Personal consumer computer altair released, it uses Intel's 8-bit 8080 processor and includes 1 KB of memory. Later in the same year, Bob Marsh manufacturers the first Processor Technology's 4 kB memory boards for the Altair.
1984 apple computers releases the Macintosh personal compututer. It is the first computer that came with 128KB of memory. The one-megabyte memory chip is developed.
Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is the most common kind of random access memory (RAM) for personal computers. The data the DRAM chip holds has to be periodicaly refreshed. Static random access memory or SRAM doesn't need to be refreshed.
Timeline of Computer Memory
1834 Charles Babbage begins build his "Analytical Engine", precursor to the computer. It uses read-only memory in the form of punch cards.
1932Gustav Tauschek invents drum memory in Austria.
1936 Konrad Zuse applies for a patent for his mechanical memory to be used in his computer. This computer memory is based on sliding metal parts.
1939Helmut Schreyer invents a prototype memory using neon lamps.
1942The Atanasoff-Berry Computer has 60 50-bit words of memory in the form of capacitors mounted on two revolving drums. For secondary memory it uses punch cards.
1947Frederick Viehe of Los Angeles, applies for a patent for an invention that uses magnetic core memory. Magnetic drum memory is independently invented by several people.
An Wang invented the magnetic pulse controlling device, the principle upon which magnetic core memory is based.
Kenneth Olsen invented vital computer components, best known for "Magnetic Core Memory" Patent No. 3,161,861 and as being the cofounder of Digital Equipment Corporation.
Jay Forrester Jay Forrester was a pioneer in early digital computer development and invented random-access, coincident-current magnetic storage.
1949Jay Forrester conceives the idea of magnetic core memory as it is to become commonly used, with a grid of wires used to address the cores. The first practical form manifests in 1952-53 and renders obsolete previous types of computer memory.
1950Ferranti Ltd. completes the first commercial computer with 256 40-bit words of main memory and 16K words of drum memory. Only eight were sold.
1951 Jay Forrester files a patent for matrix core memory.
1952The EDVAC computer is completed with 1024 44-bit words of ultrasonic memory. A core memory module is added to the ENIAC computer.
1955 AN WANG was issued U.S. patent #2,708,722 with 34 claims for magnetic memory core.
1966Hewlett-Packard releases their HP2116A real-time computer with 8K of memory. The newly formed Intel starts sell a semiconductor chip with 2,000 bits of memory.
1968 USPTO grants patent 3,387,286 to IBM's Robert Dennard for a one-transistor DRAM cell. DRAM stands for Dynamic RAM (Random Access Memory) or Dynamic Random Access Memory. DRAM will become the standard memory chip for personal computers replacing magnetic core memory.
1969Intel begin as chip designers and produce a 1 KB RAM chip, the largest memory chip todate. Intel soon switch to being notable designers of computer microprocessors.
1970Intel releases the 1103 chips, the first generally available DRAM memory chip.
1971Intel releases the 1101 chip, a 256-bit programmable memory, and the 1701 chip, a 256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM).
1974Intel receives a U.S. patent for a "memory system for a multichip digital computer".
1975Personal consumer computer altair released, it uses Intel's 8-bit 8080 processor and includes 1 KB of memory. Later in the same year, Bob Marsh manufacturers the first Processor Technology's 4 kB memory boards for the Altair.
1984 apple computers releases the Macintosh personal compututer. It is the first computer that came with 128KB of memory. The one-megabyte memory chip is developed.
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